Deep Tissue Massage
Affects the sub-layer of musculature and fascia. These techniques require more advanced training and a more thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology. The muscles must be relaxed in order to effectively perform deep tissue massage, otherwise tight surface muscles prevent the practitioner from reaching deeper musculature and causes bruising. Deep tissue helps with chronic muscular pain and injury rehabilitation. It is generally integrated with other massage techniques.
Lomi-Lomi
Hawaiian system of massage that utilizes very large, broad movements. Two-handed, forearm, and elbow application of strokes, which cover a broad area, is characteristic of lomilomi. Similar to Swedish massage in many aspects, this system acknowledges the existence of a higher power as an integral part of the technique. Lomilomi, Hawaiian for rub rub, is described by teacher Aunty Margaret Machado as the loving touch, a connection between heart, hand, and soul with the source of all life. Traditionally, Lomi Lomi techniques were passed on within the family by the Kahunas.
Prenatal/Pregnancy Massage
Performed by trained specialists, prenatal massage includes many methods of massage and somatic therapies that are both effective and safe. Prenatally, specific techniques can reduce pregnancy discomforts and concerns and enhance the physiological and emotional well-being of both mother and fetus. Many practitioners require referrals from physicians prior to therapy.
Shiatsu
Developed in Japan, shiatsu is a finger-pressure technique utilizing the traditional acupuncture points of Oriental healing. Similar to acupressure, shiatsu concentrates on unblocking the flow of life energy and restoring balance in the meridians and organs in order to promote self-healing. The practitioner applies pressure to specific zones on the skin located along the energy meridians. The treatment brings a sense of relaxation while stimulating blood and lymphatic flow.
Sports Massage
Sports massage consists of specific components designed to reduce injuries, alleviate inflammation, provide warm-up, etc. for amateur and professional athletes before, during, after, and within their training regiments.
Swedish Massage
One of the most commonly taught and well-known massage techniques, Swedish massage is designed to energize the body by stimulating circulation and relax the mind. Five basic strokes, all flowing toward the heart, are used to manipulate the soft tissues of the body. Therapists use a combination of kneading, rolling, vibration, percussive, and tapping movements, with the application of oil, to reduce friction on the skin. The many benefits of Swedish massage may include dissolution of scar tissue adhesions, and improved circulation, which may speed healing, improve sleep patterns, and provides relaxation.
Reflexology
Based on an ancient Chinese therapy, reflexology involves manipulation of specific reflex areas in the foot, hands, and ears that correspond to other parts of the body. Sometimes referred to as zone therapy, this bodywork involves application of pressure to these reflex zones to stimulate body organs and relieve areas of congestion. Reflexology works with the body energy flow to stimulate self-healing and maintain balance in physical function. This technique is used to reduce pain, increase relaxation, and stimulate circulation of blood and lymphatic fluids. Reflexology is also convenient in cases where an area of the body is traumatized or diseased to the extent that direct manipulation is not appropriate.
http://www.massagetherapy.com/glossary
Most therapists will do combination of techniques depending on your wishes and needs which had been specified by the initial consultation. Some therapists offer specialized techniques such as myofacial release or lymphatic drainage.